1.
Effects Of Substitution Of Fish Meal With Soybean Oil Meal On The Performance Of Broiler Chicks
by Khurshid Ahmad | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Dr. Ehtisham | Dr. Javed Ahmed Qureshi.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1993Dissertation note: The present study was under taken to investigate the effects of substitution of fish meal which is comparatively costly protein supplement with the soybean oil meal on the performance of Broiler chicks. One hundred and eighty day old (Male and Female) hubbard chicks were purchased from local market and were reared on four experimental rations A, B, C, & D upto fifty days of age. The starter rations were fed upto 28 days of age and the finisher rations were fed from 29th to 50 days of age.
Results revealed non-significant difference among weight gain and feed consumption of chicks fed on different experimental rations.
Apparently better feed utilization was noticed by the chicks fed on ration C (8 percent soybean oil meal and 4 percent fish meal. Statistically non significant difference were observed in the feed efficiency value of chicks fed on different experimental rations.
The present result revealed that chicks fed on ration C (8% soybean oil meal and 4% fish meal) apparently showed increased growth of broiler chicks, required less amount of feed per unit weight gain and were economical as compared to birds fed on other experimental rations.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0362,T] (1).
2.
Influence Of Varying Levels Of Proten & Energy On The Performance Of Broiler Chicks
by Safiq ur Rehman | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Dr. Ehtisham | Dr. Jawad Ahmad Qureshi.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: A study was undertaken to investigate the influence of varying levels of protein and energy on the performance of broiler chicks. The performance of chicks were studied under the heading of weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, dressing percentage, organs weight, abdominal fat and economics.
Nine experimental rations containing metabolizable energy 2600, 2900 and 3200 Kcal ME/kg with 18, 20 and 22% crude protein were tried on two hundred and seventy day old broiler chicks of both sexes for the period of 50 days.
The results showed that the ration containing 20% C.P. and 2600 KCal ME/kg were best in promoting weight gain, feed utilization and were economical as compared to other experimental rations.
Different energy-protein levels did not influenced the dressing percentage and organs weight, but the diet containing high energy resulted significantly more deposition of the abdominal fat.
It was concluded that low energy and high protein combination in poultry feed formulation improved the growth rate, feed efficiency, feed conversion ratio and could be economical as compared to the high energy and high protein ration.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0395,T] (1).
3.
Influence Of Varying Levels Of Protein & Energy On The Performance Of Broiler Chicks
by Shafiq-ur-Rehman | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Dr. Ehtisham | Dr. Jawad Ahmad Qureshi.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: A study was undertaken to investigate the influence of varying levels of protein and energy on the performance of broiler chicks. The performance of chicks were studied under the heading of weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, dressing percentage, organs weight, abdominal fat and economics.
Nine experimental rations containing metabolizable energy 2600, 2900 and 3200 Kcal ME/kg with 18, 20 and 22% crude protein were tried on two hundred and seventy day old broiler chicks of both sexes for the period of 50 days.
The results showed that the ration containing 20% C.P. and 2600 KCa1 ME/kg were best in promoting weight gain, feed utilization and were economical as compared to other experimental rations.
Different energy-protein levels did not influenced the dressing percentage and organs weight, but the diet containing high energy resulted siginificantly more deposition of the abdominal fat.
It was concluded that low energy and high protein combination in poultry feed formulation improved the growth rate, feed efficiency, feed conversion ratio and could be economical as compared to the high energy and high protein ration.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0749,T] (1).
4.
Effect Of Substitution Of Fish Meal With Cotton Seed Meal On Performence Of Broiler Chicks
by Umer Malik, M | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Dr M. Javed Qurshi | Dr. M. Aslam.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: The present study was under taken to investigate the effect of substitution of fish meal which is comparatively costly protein supplement with cheaper cotton seed meal on performance of broiler chicks. As one hundred and eighty Star Bro day old broiler chicks were reared on five experimental rations upto 50 day of age. The control ration contained 12 % fish meal (100 %) which was replaced by the cotton seed meal at 0, 4.17, 7.39, 11.03 and 14.72 % level (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% on Protein equivalent basis). The starter rations were fed upto 28 days of age and finisher rations were fed upto 50th day.
Results revealed however non significant difference among weight gain of chicks fed on different experimental starter rations. But significant differences among weight gain of chicks fed on finisher rations were noticed.
The chicks fed on rations containing 100%,75%, 50% and 25% fish meal were heavier as compared to those chicks fed on rations in which fish meal was replaced by cotton seed meal on protein equivalent basis. Non significant differences in total weight gain were noticed amongst chicks fed on different experimental rations. highly significantly more feed was consumed by the chicks fed on starter and finisher rations containing 100%, 75%, and 50% fish meal as compared to those chicks fed on other experimental rations. Apparently better feed utilization in chicks were noticed by addition of cotton seed meal at different levels i.e 4.17, 7.39 and 11.03 % in the starter and finisher rations. However non significant differences among the feed efficiency values were observed in chicks fed on various experimental rations. However dressing % of all the birds fed on different rations was found non significant. Present study indicated that addition of cotton seed meal did not significantly effect the growth rate, however, slightly decreased growth rate was observed with progressive increase of cotton seed meal in the ration. Feed efficiency was comparable with that of fish meal. Results also indicated that ration containing cotton seed meal were comparatively cheaper and cost per Kg of live weight was decreased. Therefore, net profit per chick was greater.
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5.
Studies On The Use Of Brewer'S Dried Yeast (Saccharomyces Yeast) As Vegetable Protein Source In Broiler
by Zahid Hussain | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Dr. Jawad Ahmad Qureshi | Dr. M. Aslam.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: As about 60% of the total cost of poultry production incurs on feed, therefore, it is the major component, which mostly affects the economical poultry production. Unfortunately the poultry industry of Pakistan is mainly affected by substandard poultry feeding, which is due to limited availability of quality feed resources particularly protein sources. The incorporation of various non- conventional vegetable protein sources in poultry feed, if properly added have given satisfactory results.
Keeping in view a study was conducted to determine the nutritional value of Brewer's dried yeast replacing sesame meal on growth rate and feed utilization of broiler chicks.
Two hundreds and ten day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into seven groups of 30 birds each so as to have three replicate per group, each having ten chicks. The chicks were fed on seven different experimental rations A to G containing Brewer's dried yeast at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% of the ration respectively replacing sesame meal.
The results indicated that average weight gain of the chicks fed experimental ration A to G was 1203, 1175, 1175, 1166, 1138, 1127 and 1096 grams respectively. There was a proportionate depression in weight gain as the level of Brewer's dried yeast was increased. The proportionate depression in weight gain with increasing level of Brewer's dried yeast replacing sesame meal could be attributed to poor quality amino acid profile or biological value of the yeast as compared with sesame meal. It could also be attributed to certain anti-nutritional factors or high amounts of nucleic acids of yeast. The feed consumption of the chicks fed experimental ration A to G was 2516, 2484, 2526, 2502, 2436, 2501 and 2469 grams respectively. The chicks fed ration C consumed greater amount of feed, while the chicks fed ration E had the poor feed consumption. The feed consumption showed no proper pattern as was observed in case of weight gain and there was non-significant difference in feed consumption of different groups of chicks The feed conversion ratio of the chicks fed experimental rations A to C was 2.06, 2.11, 2.15, 2.15, 2.14, 2.15 and 2.15 respectively. The results indicated that the chicks fed ration A had the best feed conversion ratio of 2.06 and the feed conversion ratio was adversely affected on account of incorporation of Brewer's dried yeast. The dressed weight of the chicks fed ration A to 0 was 612, 600, 599, 593, 577, 577 and 555 grams respectively. The dressed weight showed the same trend as was observed in weight gain. The dressing percentage was 50.9, 50.1, 50.4, 51.30, 50.80, 51.20 and 50.60 percent respectively and there was hon-significant difference among difference groups. Similarly the weight of internal organs of the chicks per 100 grams of dressed weight i.e. Liver, Spleen, Pancreas, Heart and Gizzard showed non-significant difference among different groups. The economics of incorporation of Brewer's dried yeast revealed that the replacement of sesame meal with Brewer's dried yeast was economically viable.
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6.
Effect Of Various Dietary Antibiotics On The Performance On Broiler Chicks
by Ishaque, M | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Dr. Ashfaq | Mr. Shahid Abbas.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 1994Dissertation note: A research study was conducted to find out the effect of virginiamycin, oxytetracycline and Furazolidone as a growth promoter in broiler rations.
Two hundred and forty day old broiler chicks were divided into four groups of 60 chicks each. Each group was further subdivided into three replicates of 20 chicks each.
Two experimental rations (starter and finisher) were prepared and fed to experimental chicks upto 50 days of age.
Virginiamycine, oxytetracycline and Furazolidone were mixed to experimental rations at the level of 10 mg/kg feed. The effects of these additives on weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, mortality, weights of internal organs and residual effect on meat were recorded.
Feed and water were given libitum. Continuous light was provided for 24 hours.
The results revealed non-significant differences among weight gain, feed consumption and feed efficiency of the chicks fed on starter ration.
However the results obtained from 29-50 days showed significant difference (P <0.05) in weight gain, feed consumption and feed efficiency. The best weight gain was obtained with oxytetracycline supplementation followed by virginiamycine, furazolidone and the controlled group. Maximum feed was consumed by the birds fed on control ration. The best feed efficiency was noticed with birds fed on ration supplemented with oxytetracycline.
The results obtained from 0-50 days showed highly significant difference (P < 0.01) in weight gaiu of the birds. Feed consumption and feed efficiency also showed significant difference (P<0.05).
The maximum weight gain was noticed with birds fed on oxytetracycline supplementation followed by virginiamycine and furazolidone supplementation, while the least weight gain was shown by the birds fed on control ration.
Maximum feed was consumed by the birds fed on control ration and the least feed consumption was observed with birds fed on oxytetracycline supplementation followed by virginiamycine and furazolidone. The poor feed efficiency was observed with the birds fed on control ration.
Dressing percentage and weight of internal organs showed statistically non-significant.
The residual effect of antibiotics was not found in the chicken meat.
From the present study it was concluded that the addition of antibiotics in the broiler rations proved economical as compared to control.
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7.
Influence Of Varying Levels Of Energy With Constant Levels Of Protein On The Performance Of Japanese Quails
by Shahid Siddique | Dr.Nisar Ahmad | Dr.Javed Ahmad Qureshi | Dr.Muhammad.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 1997Dissertation note: Present experiment was conducted to study the influence of varying level of energy with constant level of protein on the performance of Japanese quail. For this purpose 300 day old Japanese quail were reared upto 42 days. Quails were randomly divided into five groups, each group was further subdivided into three replicates of 20 quails each . Starter rations Al, Bi, Cl, Dl and El were given to each group for first 21 days and from 22 - 42 days finisher rations A2, B2, C2, D2 and E2 were given. Starter rations contained 24.5% protein and 2800, 2900, 3000, 3100 and 3200 Kcal/Kg Metabolizable Energy respectively. Finisher rations contained 19.5% protein and 2800, 2900, 3000, 3100 and 3200 Kcal/Kg Metabolizable Energy respectively. On starter rations quail chicks gained weight 66.77, 63.54, 69.28, 62.36 and 61.50 grams respectively. The highest weight gain of 69.28 grams was obtained with chicks fed on ration Cl containing Metabolizable Energy 3000 Kcal/Kg with calorie-protein ratio 122. Feed consumed by the quail chicks was 133.73, 128.38, 126.71, 122.60 and 119.50 grams respectively. Chicks fed on ration Al consumed maximum feed having 2800 Kcal/Kg Metabolizable Energy, while minimum feed consumption was on ration El having 3200 Kcal/Kg Metabolizable Energy. The average feed efficiency was 2.00, 2.02, 1.82, 1.96 and 1.94 respectively. The chicks fed on ration C1 containing Metabolizable Energy of 3000 Kcal/Kg with calorie-protein ratio 122 was more efficient in feed utilization.
On finisher rations A2, B2, C2, D2 and/ E2 weight gained was 67.62, 72.03, 74.25, 70.46 and 68.05 grams respectively. The highest weight gain 74.25 grams was obtained with chicks, fed on ration C2 containing Metabolizable Energy 3000 KcaI/Kg with calorie-protein ratio 153. Feed consumed by quail chicks on finisher rations was 311.33, 293.93, 299.9, 287.4 and 276.17 grams. Highest amount o feed i.e. 311.33 grams was consumed by chicks fed on ration A2 having Metabolizable Energy 2800 Kcal/Kg , while the lowest amount of feed consumed by quail chicks on ration E2 containing Metabolizable Energy 3200 Kcal/Kg. Similarly the feed conversion ratio was 4.60, 4.08, 4.04, 4.07 and 4.05 to the quail chicks fed on finisher rations. The chicks fed on ration C2 containing Metabolizable Energy 3000 Kcal/Kg with calorie-protein ratio 153 was more efficient in feed utilization.
The results indicated that ration containing Metabolizable Energy 3000 Kcal/Kg with calorie-protein ratio 122 in starter rations and ration containing Metabolizable Energy 3000 KcalIKg with calorie-protein ratio 153 in finisher ration were economical, showed better weight gain and comparatively more efficient in feed utilization in quail chicks. It was observed that the rate of weight gain was decreased when energy levels were increased or decreased from 3000 Kcal/Kg in starter and finisher rations respectively. It was noticed that as the level of energy with constant level of protein in ration increased, the feed consumption was decreased. Feed efficiency was poor at high and low energy rations with constant level of protein.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0672,T] (1).
